Wire Size by Ampacity Calculator

Divide the load (times 1.25 if continuous) by any derating factor, then pick the smallest wire whose NEC 310.16 ampacity in the right temperature column is at least that current.

Estimate only. Results are estimates. Verify against the applicable code and manufacturer specifications before relying on them for safety-related work.

A
Temperature column
The lowest temperature rating among the wire insulation and the equipment terminals it connects to. Many terminals under 100 A are rated 60°C.
×
Combined ambient temperature and conductor-count factors from NEC 310.15. Use 1 if none apply.
Smallest wire size
8AWG
Ampacity required from the table40 A
Table ampacity of that size50 A

Show the math

Required ampacity = 40 A ÷ 1 = 40 A
Smallest copper size at 75°C with at least 40 A: 8 AWG (50 A)
Wire size: 8 AWG

Rounded the same way as the result above.

How it works

NEC Table 310.15(B)(16) lists the allowable ampacity of each wire size for insulation rated at 60°C, 75°C, and 90°C. The temperature column to use is set by the lowest-rated part of the circuit, including the equipment terminals.

Continuous loads (three hours or more) are sized at 125% of the load. Ambient temperatures above 30°C and more than three current-carrying conductors in a raceway reduce the table ampacity; enter the combined factor and the calculator raises the required table ampacity by the same amount.

Required ampacity = load × (1.25 if continuous) ÷ (correction × adjustment factor) Wire size = smallest AWG whose table ampacity ≥ required ampacity

Worked example

A 40 A non-continuous load on copper wire in the 75°C column with no derating:

  1. Required ampacity = 40 A ÷ 1 = 40 A
  2. Smallest copper size at 75°C with at least 40 A: 8 AWG (50 A)
  3. Wire size: 8 AWG
InputValue
Load current40 A
Load typeNon-continuous (100%)
ConductorCopper
Temperature column75°C column
Correction and adjustment factor1 ×
ResultValue
Smallest wire size8 AWG
Ampacity required from the table40 A
Table ampacity of that size50 A

NEC Table 310.15(B)(16) allowable ampacity (amps)

AWGCu 60°CCu 75°CCu 90°CAl 60°CAl 75°CAl 90°C
14152025———
12202530152025
10303540253035
8405055354045
6556575405055
4708595556575
385100115657585
2951151307590100
111013014585100115
1/0125150170100120135
2/0145175195115135150
3/0165200225130155175
4/0195230260150180205
Show the nec table 310.15(b)(16) allowable ampacity (amps) table
AWGCu 60°CCu 75°CCu 90°CAl 60°CAl 75°CAl 90°C
14152025———
12202530152025
10303540253035
8405055354045
6556575405055
4708595556575
385100115657585
2951151307590100
111013014585100115
1/0125150170100120135
2/0145175195115135150
3/0165200225130155175
4/0195230260150180205

Not more than three current-carrying conductors, 30°C (86°F) ambient. Check the edition your jurisdiction has adopted.

Assumptions and limits

  • Values are transcribed from the table as printed in the 2011 NEC. Check the edition your jurisdiction uses and the terminal ratings on your equipment.
  • Voltage drop, short-circuit rating, motor and other special rules, and cable-type limits are not evaluated. See the voltage drop calculator for drop.
  • Sizes above 4/0 AWG are not listed here.

Common questions

What size wire do I need for 40 amps?

In the 75°C column, 8 AWG copper (50 A) carries 40 A; in the 60°C column you need 8 AWG copper (40 A) exactly. Check terminal ratings and the local code.

Which temperature column should I use?

The lowest temperature rating among the wire, its insulation, and the terminals at both ends. Many devices under 100 A are limited to the 60°C column unless listed otherwise.

What is the 125% rule?

For a continuous load, the conductor and overcurrent device are sized for 125% of the load. Multiply the load by 1.25 first.

Does this include voltage drop?

No. A long run can need a larger wire even if the ampacity is enough; use the voltage drop calculator.

Sources

Updated 2026-09-30